Beyond the kitchen, sodium bicarbonate is a popular household cleaning agent. Its mild abrasiveness makes it effective for scrubbing surfaces without scratching them. It can be used to clean sinks, countertops, and even ovens. Furthermore, sodium bicarbonate is excellent for deodorizing. It neutralizes odors rather than just masking them, making it ideal for use in carpets, trash cans, and refrigerators.
Thanks to its broad range of chemical properties, formic acid has numerous industrial applications. It is often used in the tanning of leather, dyeing textiles, and as a solvent in the production of various chemicals. In the agricultural sector, formic acid serves as a preservative in livestock feed and as an antibacterial agent, enhancing the shelf life of silage.
Phosphoric acid, with the chemical formula H₃PO₄, is a clear, colorless, and viscous liquid that plays a pivotal role in various industrial and agricultural applications. Known for its mild acidity, phosphoric acid is non-toxic and is used in many everyday products, making it an essential compound in modern chemistry.
Potassium sorbate is a commonly used preservative with antimicrobial properties often used as preservatives in food and drinks to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and fungi. In general the potassium sorbate is preferred over the sorbic acid because it is more soluble in water, but the active form is the acid. The optimal pH for the antimicrobial activity is below pH 6.5. Sorbates are generally used at concentrations of 0.025% to 0.10%. Adding potassium sorbate to food will, however, raise the pH of the food slightly so the pH may need to be adjusted to assure safety. It is found in foods such as various kinds of cheese, bread, muffins, donuts, pies, cookies, protein bars, syrups, lemonades, fruit juices, dried meats, sausages, nuggets, burgers, sandwiches, tacos, pizzas, smoked fish, margarine, sauces, soups, and more.
One of the primary reasons acidulants are used is to enhance flavor. The addition of acid can provide a refreshing tang that balances sweetness and reduces the perception of fat in products. This is particularly important in items like salad dressings, sauces, and beverages. For instance, citric acid, which is derived from citrus fruits, is commonly used in soft drinks to provide a bright, zesty flavor. It adds complexity to the taste profile and can enhance the overall eating experience.
E220, or sulfur dioxide (SO₂), is a colorless gas with a pungent odor. It is naturally produced by volcanic eruptions and industrial processes but can also be synthesized for use in food. Sulfur dioxide is a key ingredient in the production of sulfites, which are frequently used as preservatives in a variety of food products, including dried fruits, wines, and some packaged foods. The compound is particularly effective at preventing the growth of bacteria, yeasts, and molds, thereby helping to prolong the shelf-life of perishable items.