Lithopone
Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is a widely used white pigment in the manufacturing of paints, plastics, and coatings due to its excellent whiteness, opacity, and chemical stability. It is also used in sunscreens, food packaging, and other applications where its whitening effect is desired.Lithopone is produced by coprecipitation of barium sulfate and zinc sulfide. Most commonly coprecipitation is effected by combining equimolar amounts of zinc sulfate and barium sulfide:
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The global titanium dioxide market report provides a comprehensive analysis of the industry, with a focus on key manufacturers in the market. Titanium dioxide is a white pigment widely used in various industries such as paints, coatings, plastics, and cosmetics. The report covers the market trends, growth drivers, challenges, and opportunities for manufacturers in the titanium dioxide industry.Although barium sulfate is almost completely inert, zinc sulfide degrades upon exposure to UV light, leading to darkening of the pigment. The severity of this UV reaction is dependent on a combination of two factors; how much zinc sulfide makes up the pigments formulation, and its total accumulated UV exposure. Depending on these factors Lithopone B301, Lithopone B311 powder itself may vary in shade over time, ranging from pure white all the way to grey or even black. To suppress this effect, a dopant might be used, like small amount of cobalt salts, which would be added to the formulation. This process creates cobalt-doped zinc sulfide. The cobalt salts help to stabilize zinc sulfide so it will not have as severe a reaction to UV exposure.
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Recently, Yanagisawa et al. reported that the transdermal exposure (mimicking skin-barrier dysfunction or defect) of NC/Nga mice to TiO2 NPs (15, 50, or 100 nm), in combination with allergen, aggravated atopic dermatitis-like lesions through a T-helper type 2 (Th2) dominant immune response. The study also indicated that TiO2 NPs can play a role in the initiation and/or progression of skin diseases, since histamine was released, even in the absence of allergen.
Before engaging with a cheap titanium dioxide manufacturer, businesses should conduct thorough research. It is essential to assess the manufacturer’s reputation, quality control measures, and certifications. Making informed decisions can prevent potential issues related to subpar products, which can lead to problems in manufacturing processes and final product quality.
Some dealers quoted prices that were significantly higher than expected, sending the domestic market to an almost three-year high. Meanwhile, a similar scenario was observed in the Indian market, where titanium dioxide prices (rutile grade) for rose by 8% from January to March. The increase was attributed to strong demand from the domestic paints and coatings sector as well as premium cargo from China.
In summary, although more human evidence is needed to determine the risks of the mineral, potential titanium dioxide side effects from excessive exposure (especially when inhaled) may include:
Moreover, Sachtleben's research and development team continuously explores new frontiers in TiO2 applicationsThe Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) warns against sprayable products and powders that may expose users’ lungs to titanium dioxide through inhalation (10).