El freno de mano es un componente crucial en la seguridad de cualquier vehículo. Su función es garantizar que el automóvil permanezca estacionado de manera segura, especialmente en pendientes. Sin embargo, hay situaciones en las que, después de reemplazar los frenos de tambor, el freno de mano puede dejar de funcionar correctamente. A continuación, exploraremos algunas de las posibles razones por las cuales esto puede suceder y qué soluciones se pueden considerar.
One of the most significant advantages of disk brakes is their superior heat dissipation. When brakes are applied, friction generates heat, which can lead to brake fade—a reduction in braking effectiveness due to overheating. Disk brakes, with their open design and larger surface area, are better at dissipating heat. As a result, they maintain consistent performance even under heavy braking conditions. In contrast, drum brakes trap heat within the drum, making them more susceptible to overheating and fade.
When measuring brake drums, technicians generally use precision tools, such as calipers or micrometers. The inner diameter is the most critical measurement, as it dictates how well the brake shoes will fit and function. If the drum's inner diameter has expanded beyond the recommended limit, it can lead to ineffective braking and potential failure of the braking system. Additionally, measuring the total thickness helps identify any significant wear that could compromise structural integrity.
Drum brakes incorporate a rotating drum that houses brake shoes. When the driver applies the brake pedal, hydraulic pressure forces these shoes against the inner surface of the drum, creating friction that slows down or stops the vehicle. This mechanism is particularly effective in providing consistent braking performance, especially under load. As such, drum brakes are commonly found in older vehicles and are still used in various models today, particularly in the rear braking systems of trucks and other heavy-duty vehicles.
Additionally, the drum assembly includes brake springs, which play a critical role in maintaining the drum's effectiveness. There are typically two types of springs return springs and hold-down springs. The return springs retract the brake shoes after the driver releases the brake pedal, ensuring that they do not continuously rub against the drum, which could lead to premature wear. Hold-down springs keep the shoes in place against the backing plate, providing stability during operation.