The primary components of self-energizing drum brakes include the brake drum, brake shoes, wheel cylinder, and various linkages. The brake drum, usually made of cast iron, rotates with the wheel, while the brake shoes are lined with a friction material that grips the drum when engaged. The wheel cylinder, located between the shoes, contains pistons that push the shoes outward when hydraulic pressure is applied.
Drum brakes have been a part of vehicles since the early 20th century, known for their effectiveness in slowing down and stopping cars. The design includes a hollow drum that rotates with the wheel, while brake shoes inside the drum press against its inner surface to create friction. This system has long been appreciated for its simplicity and reliability. However, the need for improved performance, especially in high-speed and sports models, led to a quest for innovation.
Negli ultimi anni, l'industria automobilistica ha visto un'ampia gamma di innovazioni tecnologiche, ma ci sono ancora segni distintivi dei veicoli più tradizionali. Tra questi, le auto nuove equipaggiate con freni a tamburo continuano a guadagnare attenzione, soprattutto per il loro equilibrio tra costi, manutenibilità e prestazioni.
However, drum brakes do have their drawbacks. They tend to produce more heat than disc brakes, which can lead to brake fade—a condition where braking performance diminishes when the brakes are overheated. Furthermore, due to their design, drum brakes can be heavier and bulkier than rotors, potentially affecting the overall weight and balance of the vehicle.